Chi ha sposato Carlotta Gioacchina di Borbone-Spagna?

Carlotta Gioacchina di Borbone-Spagna, (in spagnolo: Carlota Joaquina Teresa Cayetana) (Aranjuez, 25 aprile 1775 – Queluz, 7 gennaio 1830), fu regina consorte di Portogallo.

Detestata dalla corte portoghese - dove era chiamata "la bisbetica di Queluz" (in portoghese: a Megera de Queluz) - Carlotta Gioacchina si conquistò gradualmente anche l'antipatia del popolo, che la accusava di promiscuità e di influenzare il marito a favore degli interessi della corona spagnola.

Dopo la fuga della corte portoghese in Brasile, Carlotta Gioacchina iniziò a cospirare contro il marito, sostenendo che non aveva la capacità mentale di governare il Portogallo e i suoi possedimenti, volendo così stabilire una reggenza. Ambiziosa, progettò anche di usurpare la corona spagnola che era nelle mani del fratello di Napoleone, Giuseppe Bonaparte.

Dopo il matrimonio nel 1817 del figlio Pietro con l'arciduchessa Leopoldina d'Austria e il successivo ritorno della famiglia reale in Portogallo nel 1821, Carlotta Gioacchina fu confinata nel Palazzo reale di Queluz, dove morì sola e abbandonata dai figli il 7 gennaio 1830.

Dopo la sua morte, Carlotta Gioacchina (principalmente in Brasile) è diventata parte della cultura popolare e un'importante figura storica, essendo oggetto di numerosi libri, film e altri media. Alcuni studiosi ritengono che abbia avuto un comportamento rude e superficiale, accusandola di odiare il Brasile.

Dom John VI (Portuguese: João Maria José Francisco Xavier de Paula Luís António Domingos Rafael; 13 May 1767 – 10 March 1826), known as "the Clement" (o Clemente), was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves from 1816 to 1825, and after the recognition of Brazil's independence, titular Emperor of Brazil and King of Portugal until his death in 1826.

John VI was born in Lisbon during the reign of his maternal grandfather, King Dom Joseph I of Portugal. He was the second son of the Princess of Brazil and Infante Peter of Portugal, who later became Queen Dona Maria I and King Dom Peter III. In 1785, John married Carlota Joaquina of Spain, with whom he had nine children. He became heir to the throne when his older brother, Prince José, died of smallpox in 1788. Before his accession to the throne, John bore the titles Duke of Braganza, Duke of Beja, and Prince of Brazil. From 1799, he served as prince regent due to his mother's mental illness. In 1816, he succeeded his mother as monarch of the Portuguese Empire, with no real change in his authority, since he already possessed absolute powers as regent.

One of the last representatives of absolute monarchy in Europe, John lived during a turbulent period; his reign never saw a lasting peace. Throughout his period of rule, major powers such as Spain, France, and Great Britain continually intervened in Portuguese affairs. Forced to flee across the Atlantic Ocean to Brazil when troops of Emperor Napoleon I invaded Portugal, he found himself faced there with liberal revolts; he was compelled to return to Europe amid new conflicts. His marriage was no less conflictual, as his wife Carlota Joaquina repeatedly conspired against John in favor of personal interests or those of her native Spain.

John lost Brazil when his son Pedro declared independence, and his other son Miguel (later Dom Miguel I of Portugal) led a rebellion that sought to depose him. According to recent scholarly research, his death may well have been caused by arsenic poisoning. Notwithstanding these tribulations, John left a lasting mark, especially in Brazil, where he helped to create numerous institutions and services that laid a foundation for national autonomy, and many historians consider him to be a true mastermind of the modern Brazilian state. John's contemporaries viewed him as a kind and benevolent king, although later generations of Portuguese and Brazilians have made him the subject of frequent caricature. However, in recent decades his reputation has been restored as a clever king who was able to balance many competing interests.